Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease Group Research Articles

Prediction model based on artificial intelligence for identifying risk of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease in computed tomography

ObjectiveTo analyze the application value of artificial intelligence (AI) in coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) image processing and diagnosis of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD). MethodsA total of 80 patients with suspected CHD in our hospital were selected for CCTA examination and blood lipid examination. The convolutional neural networks (CNN) model of coronary artery plaque detection was constructed, and the data set was randomly divided into training set and test set after pretreatment of lipid characteristics and image characteristics. The prediction efficiency and accuracy of the model were evaluated. ResultsIn the data set, the lipid indexes LDL-C, TC, and TG of patients in the CHD group were significantly higher than those in the Non-CHD group (P < 0.05). The average processing and diagnosis time of the AI model was (187.19 ± 18.79) s, which was significantly shorter than the average time of doctors (989.07 ± 50.40) s, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the detection of calcified plaque, non-calcified plaque, and mixed plaque between doctors and AI models (P > 0.05). However, 5 plaques were misdiagnosed in the AI model (3.38%). The area under the curve (AUC) value of the CNN recognition model-based AI and manual recognition of doctors for the CHD were 0.870 (95% CI: 0.698–0.931) and 0.870 (95% CI: 0.691–0.926) (P < 0.001). ConclusionAI integrated with lipid parameters has certain clinical value in CCTA image processing efficiency and plaque diagnosis, and can be used as an effective auxiliary tool to analyze and diagnose CHD.

Predicting coronary atherosclerosis heart disease with pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation parameters based on dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography: a preliminary exploration.

Coronary atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition. Pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) attenuation is closely related to coronary inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between PCAT attenuation parameters and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAD) using dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography (SDCT). This cross-sectional study included eligible patients who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography using SDCT at the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University between April 2021 and September 2021. Patients were classified as CAD (with coronary artery atherosclerotic plaque) or non-CAD (without coronary artery atherosclerotic plaque). Propensity score matching was used to match the two groups. The fat attenuation index (FAI) was used to quantify PCAT attenuation. The FAI was measured on conventional images (120 kVp) and virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) by semiautomatic software. The slope of the spectral attenuation curve (λ) was calculated. Regression models were established to evaluate the predictive value of PCAT attenuation parameters for CAD. A total of 45 patients with CAD and 45 patients without CAD were enrolled. The PCAT attenuation parameters in the CAD group were significantly higher than those in the non-CAD group (all P values <0.05). The PCAT attenuation parameters of vessels with or without plaques in the CAD group were higher than those of vessels without plaques in the non-CAD group (all P values <0.05). In the CAD group, the PCAT attenuation parameters of vessels with plaques were slightly higher than those of vessels without plaques (all P values >0.05). In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the FAIVMI model achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.8123 for discriminating between patients with and without CAD, which was higher than those of the FAI120 kVp model (AUC =0.7444) and the λ model (AUC =0.7230). However, the combined model of FAIVMI, FAI120 kVp, and λ obtained the best performance (AUC =0.8296) of all the models. PCAT attenuation parameters obtained using dual-layer SDCT can aid in distinguishing patients with and without CAD. By detecting increases in PCAT attenuation parameters, it might be possible to predict the formation of atherosclerotic plaques before they appear.

The Metabolomic Characterization of Different Types of Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease in Male.

Background In clinical practice, many patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAD) have atypical clinical symptoms. It is difficult to accurately identify stable CAD or unstable CAD early through clinical symptoms and coronary angiography. This study aimed to screen the potential metabolite biomarkers in male patients with stable CAD and unstable CAD. Methods In this work, the metabolomic characterization of the male patients with healthy control (n = 42), stable coronary artery disease (n = 60), non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (n = 45), including prepercutaneous corona intervention (n = 14), and postpercutaneous coronary intervention (n = 31) were performed by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). The serum samples of patients were analyzed by multivariate statistics. Results Results showed that 17 altered metabolites were identified to have a clear distinction between the stable CAD group and the healthy subjects. Compared with the stable coronary artery disease group, 15 specific metabolite markers were found in the acute coronary syndrome group. The percutaneous coronary intervention also affected the metabolic behavior of patients with CAD. Conclusions In summary, CAD is closely related to energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism disorders. The different metabolic pattern characteristics of healthy, stable coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome are constructed, which brings a novel theoretical basis for the early diagnosis of patients with stable and unstable CAD.

Effects of Serum LDL-C, CysC, and D-D in Patients with Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease

Objective To investigate the effects of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and serum cystatin C (CysC) combined with D-dimer (D-D) on patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD). Methods 90 patients with CHD who were admitted to our hospital and diagnosed by coronary angiography (CAG) from February 2020 to June 2021 were selected as the study subjects. 90 patients were grouped according to different types and branches of coronary lesions, and 30 patients with outpatient health check-ups at the same period were selected as the control group, and the differences in serum LDL-C, CysC, and D-D levels between the groups were compared. The logistic regression model was built to explore risk factors affecting the occurrence of CHD. Also, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to analyze the diagnostic value of LDL-C, CysC, and D-D in CHD. Results In the comparison of LDL-C, CysC, and D-D levels, CHD group > control group (P < 0.05); stable angina (SAP) group > unstable angina (UAP) group > acute myocardial infarction (AMI) group (P < 0.05); three-branch group > two-branch group > single-branch group (P < 0.05). The logistic regression model showed that high expression levels of LDL-C, CysC, and D-D, male gender, and combined hypertension were risk factors for CHD. The area under the curve (AUC) of the combination of LDL-C, CysC, and D-D was 0.868, and the sensitivity and specificity were 88.89% and 73.33%, respectively, which are higher than those in single diagnosis (P < 0.05). Conclusions LDL-C, CysC, and D-D are highly expressed in CHD samples, and the combination of the three is beneficial to enhance the diagnostic accuracy of clinical CHD.

Predictive Value of Limb Artery Indices and Endothelial Functional Tests for the Degree of Coronary Artery Stenosis in a Diabetic Population.

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between limb artery indices (brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and ankle-brachial index), endothelial function index (FMD value), and the degree of coronary artery stenosis in diabetic patients and analyze their values in predicting the degree of coronary artery stenosis.MethodsThe study included 151 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and suspected coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. The patients were divided into “coronary atherosclerotic heart disease” (N=94) and “non-coronary atherosclerotic heart disease” (N=57) groups based on the coronary angiographic findings. Within the coronary atherosclerotic heart disease group, the patients were further divided into “low stenosis” (N=47) and “high stenosis” (N=47) subgroups according to their Gensini score. Indicators such as brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, ankle-brachial index, and FMD value were measured and correlated with the degree of coronary artery stenosis. Logistic regression models were constructed and receiver operating characteristic curves plotted to assess the predictive ability of limb artery and endothelial functional indices for the degree of coronary artery stenosis.ResultsIn a diabetic population, FMD value (P=0.003), ankle-brachial index (P=0.004), and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (P=0.003) were different in patients with and without coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. In the population with both diabetes mellitus and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, the ankle-brachial index and FMD value were both independently associated with the degree of coronary artery stenosis (P=0.003). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve plotted from the combined coefficients of ankle-brachial index and FMD value was 0.773, which is predictive of coronary artery stenosis in diabetic patients.ConclusionAnkle-brachial index and FMD value are indicative of the degree of coronary artery stenosis in diabetic patients, and predictive efficacy can be improved by combining the two tests.

The correlation between lipoprotein(a) and coronary atherosclerotic lesion is stronger than LDL-C, when LDL-C is less than 104\xa0mg/dL

BackgroundLp(a) and LDL-C are both risk factors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). But there was a contradiction point in LDL-C and Lp(a) control. The appropriate level of LDL-C and Lp(a) in the prevention of ASCVD is still pending.ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation of Lp(a) and coronary atherosclerotic lesion, and find out the balance point in LDL-C and Lp(a) control.Method3449 patients were divided to coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAHD) Group and Non-CAHD Group based on the result of coronary angiography. The clinical characteristics were compared, and Logistic regressions were applied to find the CAHD risk factors in total, High-LDL-C Group (LDL-C ≥ 100 mg/dL) and Low-LDL-C Group (LDL-C < 100 mg/dL) patients. Spearman correlation analysis of Lp(a), LDL-C and Gensini Score was performed in patients with different LDL-C concentration.ResultsExcept male and diabetes, the traditional CAHD risk factors were well matched between two groups. But triglyceride, LDL-C and Lp(a) were higher, HDL-C and Apo-A1 were lower in CAHD group (2771). In the Logistic regression analysis, diabetes, LDL-C and Lp(a) are risk factors of CAHD in all patients, while in High-LDL-C Group, they were age, LDL-C, non-HDL-C and ApoB, in Low-LDL-C Group, they were age, Lp(a) and ApoB. Lp(a) correlated with Gensini with coefficient r = 0.41 in all patients, 0.67 in Low-LDL-C Group and 0.32 in High-LDL-C Group. The coefficient r for Lp(a) and Gensini decreased, while the r for LDL-C and Gensini increased with LDL-C concentration increasing. The two fitted lines of rs crossed at LDL-C = 2.7 mmol/L (104 mg/dL).ConclusionLp(a) was the risk factor of CAHD in patients with LDL-C < 100 mg/dL. The correlation between Lp(a) and Gensini was influenced by LDL-C concentration, and the correlation was stronger than LDL-C when LDL-C < 104 mg/dl.

Association of coronary artery calcification with SYNTAX scores and GRACE.

To investigate the relationship among coronary artery calcification score (CACS), the number of calcification vessels, SYNTAX score and GRACE score in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD). The CACS, calcification vessel number, SYNTAX score, and GRACE score were collected or calculated from 214 CHD patients admitted in Haikou People's Hospital from January 2014 to April 2019. Patients were assigned into several groups according to the CACS and calcification vessel number, and then to compare the differences in SYNTAX and GRACE scores between groups. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between CACS or calcification vessel number and SYTAX score or GRACE score. Regression of binary logistic was used to analyze independent risk factors for coronary calcification. The diagnostic values of the CACS and calcification vessel number for predicting CHD, and SYNTAX score and GRACE score high-risk group were evaluated by the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve. Spearman correlation analysis showed that CACS was positively correlated with SYTAX score (r=0.505, P<0.01) or GRACE score (r=0.195, P<0.01). The number of calcified vessels was positively correlated with the SYNTAX score (r=0.533, P<0.01), but not with the GRACE score (r=-0.14, P=0.899). Regression of binary logistic showed that male and SYTAX scores were independent risk factors for coronary artery calcification (P<0.05). The analysis of ROC curve showed that the CACS was of good value in the diagnosis of CHD (AUC=0.756, P<0.01) and SYNTAX score high-risk group (AUC=0.781, P<0.01), while it was of lower value in the diagnostic of the GRACE score high-risk group (AUC=0.698, P<0.01). The value of calcification vessel number in the diagnosis of CHD (AUC=0.763, P<0.01) and the SYNTAX score high-risk group (AUC=0.868, P<0.01) was good, but that in the diagnosis of the GRACE score high-risk group (AUC=0.601, P=0.07) was not statistically significant. In patients with suspected CHD, CACS and calcification vessel number can predict the severity of CHD and the risk of future cardiovascular events. Measuring the CACS and the number of calcification vessels before coronary angiography has certain clinical significance for predicting the severity of coronary lesion and formulating the treatment plan.

[Serum annexin A2 level is significantly elevated in patients with coronary heart disease].

To analyze the correlation of annexin A2 with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAD) and the severity of CAD. We collected data from a total of 200 inpatients admitted in our department between August, 2017 and August, 2019. According to the. of coronary angiography, the patients were divided into CAD group (n=150) and non-CAD (n=50), and the CAD patients was further divided, according to their clinical stability, into stable angina (SAP) group and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) group. Serum levels of annexin A2, MPO and PON1 were detected in all these patients, and their correlations with CAD, disease severity, and degree of coronary artery stenosis were analyzed.ResultsThe levels of annexin A2 and MPO were significantly higher in CAD patients than in non-CAD patients (P < 0.05). Among the CAD patients, those with ACS had significantly higher levels of annexin A2 (P < 0.05) and lower levels of PON-1 (P < 0.05) than those with SAP, but annexin A2 level was not significantly correlated with coronary lesion count, Gensini score, or the co-morbidity of diabetes. Annexin A2 is significantly elevated in patients with CAD, especially in those with ACS, and can be used as a predictor of clinical instability.

Low LPA gene kringle IV-2 repeat copy number association with elevated lipoprotein (a) concentration as an independent risk factor of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease in the Chinese Han population

BackgroundLipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], which is genetically determined by the LPA gene kringle IV type 2 (KIV-2) repeat copy number, has previously been reported in different populations. However, it is uncertain if the same occurs in the Chinese Han population. This study explored the correlation of Lp(a) mass or particle concentration with KIV-2 repeat copy number and application for coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAHD) risk assessment.MethodsA cross-sectional study including 884 subjects was conducted. The Lp(a) level and routine risk factors of CAHD were compared. The KIV-2 copy number distribution, relationship with Lp(a), and assessment for CAHD risk were explored.ResultsThe mean of Lp(a) mass or particle concentration in the CAHD group was higher than that in the non-CAHD group, while the KIV-2 copy number in the CAHD group was lower. Lp(a) had auxiliary values in gauging the type of plaque and was significantly higher in the soft-plaque group than that in the other two groups (200 mg/L [21.5 nmol/L], 166 mg/L [18.6 nmol/L], 149 mg/L [17.1 nmol/L], respectively, P < 0.05). Kappa test indicated divergence for the same individual using two Lp(a) concentrations (kappa value was 0.536 [< 0.75]). Elevated Lp(a) was an independent CAHD risk factor, whatever mass or particle concentration, and large KIV-2 copy number was a protective factor.ConclusionLp(a) level and small KIV-2 copy number are risk factors for CAHD in the Chinese Han population; furthermore, elevated Lp(a) may gauge the type of coronary plaque.

Correlations of chemokine CXCL16 and TNF-α with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.

This study determined the correlations of CXC ligand 16 (CXCL16) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAHD) and screened for new clinical markers for the prognosis and treatment of the disease. Eighty patients with coronary heart disease and 50 healthy subjects were enrolled into a CAHD or healthy control group, respectively. Computed tomography (CT) coronary angiography and Gensini integral were used to classify plaques and evaluate patients with coronary heart disease. The serum levels of CXCL16 and TNF-α of subjects in each group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and the correlation between levels and clinical markers (such as blood pressure, glucose, lipid and heart rate) and the severity of disease were analyzed. Our results showed the serum levels of CXCL16 and TNF-α were significantly higher in the CAHD group than those in the CK group. The serum CXCL16 levels of the CAHD group patients with plaques were distinctly higher than those of the CADH group patients without plaques, but there were no significant difference in serum TNF-α levels between these two groups of patients. The level of CXCL16 had a significantly positive correlation with the severity of disease, but there was no significant correlation between TNF-α level and the severity of disease. Also, there was no significant correlation between the CXCL16 levels and blood pressure, blood glucose, heart rate, total cholesterol, triglyceride or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, but there was a clear correlation with the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Finally no significant correlations were found between TNF-α levels and each of the clinical markers studied. Based on our findings, the levels of CXCL16 and TNF-α in the patients with coronary heart disease were abnormally increased and the level of CXCL16 correlated closely with the severity of disease. These markers seem to be reliable biological markers for prognosis and disease evaluation in coronary heart disease patients.

Expression of proBNP and NT-proBNP in Sudden Death of Coronary Heart Disease

To study the expression change of pro-brain natriuretic peptide （proBNP） and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide （NT-proBNP） in sudden death of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, and to explore its application in forensic diagnosis. Myocardial and blood samples were collected from normal control group, sudden death of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease group and single coronary stenosis group （20 cases in each group）. The expression of proBNP in myocardial samples were detected by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting, and that of BNP mRNA were detected by reverse transcription PCR （RT-PCR）. The content of NT-proBNP in plasma were detected by ELISA. Immunohistochemical staining showed positive expression of proBNP in both sudden death of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease group and single coronary stenosis group. There was no positive expression in normal control group. For sudden death of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease group and single coronary stenosis group, the relative expression of proBNP protein and BNP mRNA in myocardial tissue and the NT-proBNP content in plasma were higher than that of normal control group （P<0.05）. The NT-proBNP content in plasma of sudden death of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease group was higher than that of single coronary stenosis group （P<0.05）. In myocardial ischemia condition, the higher expression of proBNP in cardiac muscle cell shows that the detection of NT-proBNP in plasma can be useful to differentially diagnose the degree of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease and determine whether the sudden death due to coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.

[Association of Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 gene polymorphisms with risk of coronary atherosclerotic artery disease in Hunan Han population].

To explore Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 polymorphism in Han people from Hunan region and its association with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.
 Methods: Sanger sequence and statistical analysis were performed to identify the polymorphism of TLR2 and TLR4 genes in 347 unrelated Hunan Han subjects, including 180 healthy people (control group) and 167 patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (coronary atherosclerotic heart disease group).
 Results: There was no significant difference in the genotype frequency and allelic frequency for TLR2 SNP2258G>A and TLR4 SNP896A>G between the 2 groups (P>0.05), while there was significant difference in the TLR4 SNP1196C>T between the 2 groups (P<0.05).
 Conclusion: TLR4 SNP1196C>T polymorphism is associated with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease in Chinese Han populationin in Hunan region.

Expressions of Mast Cell Tryptase and Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Myocardium of Sudden Death due to Hypersensitivity and Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease.

To explore the value of mast cell tryptase and brain natriuretic peptide（BNP） in the differential diagnostic of sudden death due to hypersensitivity and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. Totally 30 myocardial samples were collected from the autopsy cases in the Department of Forensic Pathology, Shanxi Medical University during 2010-2015. All samples were divided into three groups： death of craniocerebral injury group, sudden death of hypersensitivity group and sudden death of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease group, 10 cases in each group. Mast cell tryptase and BNP in myocardium were detected by immunofluorescence staining and Western Blotting. Immunofluorescence staining showed that the positive staining mast cell tryptase appeared in myocardium of sudden death of hypersensitivity group and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease group. Among the three groups, the expression of mast cell tryptase showed significantly differences through pairwise comparison （P<0.05）; The expression level of BNP in sudden death of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease group were significantly higher than the sudden death of hypersensitivity group and death of craniocerebral injury group （P<0.05）. The difference of the expression level of BNP between the sudden death of hypersensitivity group and the death of craniocerebral injury group had no statistical significance （P>0.05）. The combined detection of the mast cell tryptase and BNP in myocardium is expected to provide help for the forensic differential diagnosis of sudden death due to hypersensitivity and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.

The roles of a novel anti-inflammatory factor, milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8, in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease

ObjectiveInflammation is now considered a main pathogenic factor in coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD), and it has a positive correlation with plaque vulnerability. A novel anti-inflammatory factor, milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8), has been reported as having prominent anti-inflammatory effects in sepsis. However, few studies have reported on the association between MFG-E8 and CHD. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the serum MFG-E8 concentrations in patients with different stages of CHD or without CHD. Then, we studied the associations among MFG-E8, Gensini score, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in Chinese patients with CHD to illustrate the role of MFG-E8 in CHD. MethodsA total of 176 controls and 295 patients with CHD were selected for this study. To evaluate CHD severity, we calculated the Gensini score for all of the subjects. Serum levels of MFG-E8 were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit; serum total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), triglyceride (TG), and hs-CRP were detected by an automatic biochemistry analyzer; and fibrinogen (FIB) was analyzed with an automatic coagulation analyzer. ResultsCompared with the controls, the CHD group had a lower level of MFG-E8 (673.20 ± 112.34 ng/mL vs. 134.89 ± 4.74 ng/mL, p < 0.001). The level of serum MFG-E8 in the acute myocardial infarction group (118.07 ± 10.10 ng/mL) was significantly less than that in the stable angina group (p = 0.025). Further analysis showed that MFG-E8 had a negative association with the Gensini score and the hs-CRP level (r = −0.590, p < 0.001; r = −0.105, p = 0.022, respectively). In addition, multiple regression analysis of the association between MFG-E8 and the main cardiovascular risk factors in our cases showed that MFG-E8 had a negative association with hs-CRP and a positive association with LDL-c (all p < 0.05). ConclusionThe serum level of MFG-E8 was negatively associated with the severity of coronary artery stenosis and the risk of clinical events. Thus, MFG-E8 has the potential to be a marker of vascular complications.

Ischemia-modified albumin in stable coronary atherosclerotic heart disease

Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), a new serum biomarker of myocardial ischemia, has been introduced in the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. However, few studies have been carried out in patients with stable coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD). We aimed to evaluate the value of IMA in the diagnosis of stable CHD and to determine the correlation between IMA levels and the severity of myocardial ischemia. A total of 129 patients with diagnosed CHD who had signed an informed consent form were enrolled. Patients were willing to undergo coronary angiography, which was the gold standard for the diagnosis of CHD. IMA was detected by the albumin cobalt binding test before coronary angiography. The mean IMA level of the non-CHD group was 67.68 ± 29.61 U/ml and that of the CHD group was 90.24 ± 29.61 U/ml. In the CHD group, the mean IMA levels of the one-branch lesion group, the two-branch lesion group, and the three-branch lesion group were 79.87 ± 18.37, 98.10 ± 23.39, and 98.06 ± 33.47 U/ml, respectively. IMA levels and the number of diseased coronary arteries were significantly correlated (P<0.01, r=0.299). When the cut-off threshold derived from the receiver operating characteristics curve was determined to be 93.07 U/ml, the sensitivity of admission IMA for a final diagnosis of CHD was 0.49, the specificity was 0.90, the negative predictive value was 0.45, and the positive predictive value was 0.91. Logistic regression analysis showed that IMA (P=0.000, b=2.056, odds ratio=7.815) was an independent predictor of CHD. IMA showed a high specificity and predictive value in the diagnosis of CHD. In addition, IMA was a strong and independent predictor of CHD. IMA levels and the number of diseased coronary arteries were significantly correlated.

The value of ischaemia modified albumin in the diagnosis on coronary atherosclerotic heart disease

ObjectiveTo evaluate the value of ischaemia modified albumin (IMA) in the diagnosis on coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAD) and analyse the correlation between IMA and the extent of myocardial ischaemia.MethodsOne...